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　　轎車用(yong)的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)超過2年(nian)后(hou)，容量及放電(dian)能力將會(hui)(hui)下(xia)(xia)降。一般車用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽命不會(hui)(hui)超過4年(nian)。當然了，保養良好的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)壽命會(hui)(hui)更長(chang)。下(xia)(xia)面我們來學習一下(xia)(xia)加水型鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)和免維護(hu)型鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)的(de)保養方法。

　　加水型鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)：注重電池(chi)(chi)液液位及電池(chi)(chi)液密度。

　　鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池液(ye)(ye)是由硫酸(suan)和蒸餾(liu)水混合而成(cheng)的(de)(de)。電(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)時，水會變(bian)(bian)多(duo)而硫酸(suan)會變(bian)(bian)少(shao)，這(zhe)就導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池液(ye)(ye)密度(du)(du)降低；充電(dian)(dian)時，則相反(fan)，水會變(bian)(bian)少(shao)而硫酸(suan)會變(bian)(bian)多(duo)。電(dian)(dian)池液(ye)(ye)濃度(du)(du)則反(fan)映(ying)了電(dian)(dian)池液(ye)(ye)中水和硫酸(suan)的(de)(de)比例。正常的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)(ye)密度(du)(du)為1.28（夏天）/1.29-1.30（冬天）（單(dan)位為克(ke)每立方厘米(mi)）。

　　作為(wei)車主，我(wo)們應該定期檢查(cha)電(dian)池液(ye)(ye)液(ye)(ye)位。當(dang)電(dian)池液(ye)(ye)不(bu)足時應添加(jia)(jia)蒸(zheng)餾水至(zhi)適當(dang)液(ye)(ye)位。在為(wei)電(dian)池添加(jia)(jia)蒸(zheng)餾水后，我(wo)們應該檢查(cha)電(dian)池液(ye)(ye)密度，時刻保(bao)持電(dian)池液(ye)(ye)密度在合(he)理的范圍內。

　　免維護型(xing)鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池：定(ding)期(qi)檢查魔眼(yan)并保持電(dian)量充足。

　　由(you)于免(mian)維護型電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)沒有加水(shui)孔以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)液(ye)液(ye)位刻度。我們需通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上的“魔(mo)(mo)眼(yan)”來判斷蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的狀態。魔(mo)(mo)眼(yan)為(wei)(wei)綠色(se)表(biao)示電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)正常，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)足；魔(mo)(mo)眼(yan)為(wei)(wei)黑色(se)表(biao)示需要充電(dian)(dian)(dian)；魔(mo)(mo)眼(yan)為(wei)(wei)白色(se)表(biao)示電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)需要更換。

　　放電能力(li)需要使用專用的(de)電池檢測儀(yi)檢測。

　　我們一般會使用(yong)電(dian)壓表來(lai)檢查(cha)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓，雖然能(neng)檢測出電(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)壓值但(dan)卻不能(neng)檢查(cha)出電(dian)池(chi)帶負載(zai)能(neng)力的好壞。為檢查(cha)出電(dian)池(chi)的實際(ji)狀況，我們應該使用(yong)專用(yong)的電(dian)池(chi)檢測儀檢查(cha)電(dian)池(chi)的放電(dian)能(neng)力及帶負載(zai)的能(neng)力。

　　微弱電流不能忽(hu)視

　　鎖車(che)(che)后，車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)防(fang)盜(dao)系(xi)統開始工作(zuo)，會(hui)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)獲取微(wei)弱的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，所以長時(shi)間不(bu)用(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)也會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)缺電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如(ru)發現車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)靜(jing)止一段短時(shi)間就缺電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，除了要(yao)檢(jian)(jian)查電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)情況，還(huan)要(yao)檢(jian)(jian)查車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)靜(jing)置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)的(de)微(wei)弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)是否過(guo)(guo)大。車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)靜(jing)置(zhi)(zhi)微(wei)弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過(guo)(guo)大很可能是因為車(che)(che)內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器線路部分搭(da)鐵造成，如(ru)不(bu)及(ji)早處理將引致(zhi)安全隱患，與此同時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)長時(shi)間過(guo)(guo)度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也會(hui)使(shi)其壽命縮短。汽(qi)車(che)(che)維修(xiu)行業一般采用(yong)(yong)鉗形(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)來檢(jian)(jian)測車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)靜(jing)置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)的(de)微(wei)弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

　　蓄電池(chi)結冰怎(zen)么(me)辦？

 　　既(ji)然蓄電(dian)池(chi)里(li)面(mian)的(de)電(dian)池(chi)液是水和硫酸(suan)，那么蓄電(dian)池(chi)在低溫(wen)下很可(ke)能就(jiu)會結(jie)冰(bing)。遇上蓄電(dian)池(chi)結(jie)冰(bing)，作(zuo)為(wei)車主應該怎么辦？

　　首先我們(men)先不(bu)(bu)研究蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)的電池(chi)(chi)液究竟會(hui)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)結(jie)冰，我們(men)先來看看電池(chi)(chi)結(jie)冰后(hou)我們(men)應(ying)該怎么辦？

　　電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)結(jie)冰后，我們(men)的(de)車輛(liang)將無法啟動。我們(men)應該把(ba)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)從汽車上(shang)拆下來，然后搬到室內有暖氣(qi)的(de)地(di)方(fang)讓(rang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)液融化(hua)后再裝到車上(shang)使用。當(dang)然，晚上(shang)把(ba)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)拆下來帶到屋(wu)內暖和的(de)地(di)方(fang)保(bao)存就(jiu)可以(yi)避免電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)結(jie)冰情況(kuang)的(de)發生了。