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膠體蓄電池與鉛酸(suan)蓄電池主要的優缺點、

　　高聚能膠體蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)與鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)購(gou)買的(de)時候經常會出現這(zhe)樣的(de)畫(hua)面，到底是買高聚能膠體蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)還是鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電池(chi)(chi)呢，貌似(si)這(zhe)兩個產品的(de)功(gong)能都很相(xiang)似(si)，所以(yi)商家在(zai)購(gou)買的(de)時候會出現猶豫不決(jue)的(de)情(qing)況，到底要(yao)購(gou)買那一種。

　　1、環保性能：該產(chan)品(pin)采用(yong)高份子聚(ju)(ju)合硅膠體(ti)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)液取(qu)代(dai)硫酸(suan)，解(jie)決了(le)在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)使用(yong)過程中一(yi)直存在(zai)的酸(suan)霧(wu)溢出和(he)接口腐蝕(shi)等環境污(wu)染的難(nan)題，而報廢(fei)的聚(ju)(ju)合硅蓄電(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)解(jie)質還可作肥(fei)料，無污(wu)染，易處理，電(dian)(dian)池柵板亦(yi)可回收(shou)再用(yong)。

　　2、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能力：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受能力是(shi)衡量蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)一個重要(yao)技(ji)術指標。高聚能膠體(ti)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可(ke)用0.3-0.4CA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，常規充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)為3-4小(xiao)時(shi)，僅為鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)1/4。亦可(ke)采用0.8-1.5CA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)<1小(xiao)時(shi)，已突破了(le)0.5小(xiao)時(shi)率。大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，高聚能膠體(ti)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池無明顯的(de)溫升，也不會影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質特(te)性和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命。高聚能膠體(ti)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特(te)性，對要(yao)求解(jie)(jie)決快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)行業有著廣闊(kuo)的(de)應用前(qian)景(jing)。

　　3、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性：與充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)相對應，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)同樣是極其(qi)重要(yao)的(de)技術指標(biao)。某額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)用越短的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)完電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，標(biao)志著其(qi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)越強。國內通訊用蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)準為10小時(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv)，動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)用蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)為5小時(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv)。高聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)膠體蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)內阻(zu)極小，大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性良好，可(ke)普遍用0.6-0.8CA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)短時(shi)(shi)(shi)間放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)求高達(da)15-30CA。經國家蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)質(zhi)量(liang)檢驗(yan)中心測試，高聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)膠體蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)2小時(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv)的(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)達(da)到國際(ji)先(xian)進水平。

　　4、自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)特(te)性：自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)小(xiao)，免維(wei)護性好，便于長時間保存(cun)。普通(tong)鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池由于自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)因素，通(tong)常在20℃環(huan)境中存(cun)放(fang)(fang)180天后，需(xu)要進(jin)(jin)行一(yi)(yi)次放(fang)(fang)/充電(dian)(dian)維(wei)護，否則可能(neng)損害電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)壽命。高聚能(neng)膠體蓄電(dian)(dian)池由于其內(nei)阻僅(jin)相當(dang)于鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)十分之一(yi)(yi)，所(suo)以(yi)其自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)極小(xiao)，又無(wu)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應，常溫存(cun)放(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)年，容量(liang)仍能(neng)保持標稱容量(liang)的(de)(de)90%，這(zhe)項指標居國際先進(jin)(jin)水(shui)平(ping)。

　　5、全(quan)充全(quan)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力：高聚(ju)能(neng)膠體蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)全(quan)充全(quan)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力強。多(duo)次反復(fu)深(shen)度(du)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)甚至全(quan)充全(quan)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)影響很小，可取消或減低(di)(di)10.5V(標稱電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)12V)的下限保護(hu)，這對(dui)動力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)十分重要。鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)使用時通常設有10.5V低(di)(di)壓(ya)保護(hu)裝置，低(di)(di)于10.5V時不可繼續(xu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。這不僅是因為其低(di)(di)壓(ya)工作特(te)性差(cha)，更重要的是深(shen)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)會使極板受到(dao)損(sun)害。

　　6、自恢復(fu)能(neng)力(li)強：高聚能(neng)膠體蓄電池有較強的自恢復(fu)能(neng)力(li)，反彈容量大，恢復(fu)時間短(duan)，在(zai)放完(wan)電數分鐘后(hou)可(ke)再使用，這對應(ying)急使用特別有利。

　　7、低溫特性：高聚能(neng)膠體蓄電池在(zai)-50℃-+50℃環境可正常使(shi)用，而鉛酸蓄電池在(zai)低于-18℃的環境下使(shi)用時容(rong)量驟降(jiang)。

　　8、使用壽命(ming)(ming)長(chang)：用作(zuo)通訊電源使用壽命(ming)(ming)10年以上，用作(zuo)動力(li)電源時，深度循(xun)環充放電次(ci)數超過500次(ci)(國家標準(zhun)為350次(ci))。

　　所(suo)以(yi)如果下次(ci)再購買電池出現猶豫(yu)不決的情(qing)(qing)況下，你就按照上面的情(qing)(qing)況進行比較(jiao)，很快就可以(yi)選出適合自己的商品。真的是省(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)省(sheng)(sheng)力(li)又省(sheng)(sheng)心(xin)。

　　膠體：

　　優(you)點：電解液量大，不(bu)容易發生因熱失控(kong)而導(dao)致的膨脹;循環壽(shou)命和浮充壽(shou)命一般較好;

　　缺點：生產(chan)技術難度大(da)，成本高;

　　你說的鉛酸(suan)電池我默認(ren)為指的是AGM電池。因為膠體(ti)也(ye)是鉛酸(suan)啊。

　　AGM電池：

　　優點：生產技(ji)術難度低(di)，成(cheng)本(ben)也低(di);充放(fang)電的性能較好;

　　缺點：可能發生熱失(shi)控，因為電解(jie)液(ye)太少;過充時的失(shi)水會導致電池壽命大大縮短;

　　膠(jiao)體電(dian)池是鉛酸(suan)(suan)蓄電(dian)池在硫酸(suan)(suan)中(zhong)添加膠(jiao)凝劑(ji)，使硫酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)液變為膠(jiao)態。與(yu)常規(gui)鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)池的(de)區別不(bu)僅僅在于電(dian)液改為膠(jiao)凝狀。例如非(fei)凝固態的(de)水性(xing)膠(jiao)體，從電(dian)化學分類結(jie)構和特(te)(te)性(xing)看同屬(shu)膠(jiao)體電(dian)池。又如在板(ban)(ban)柵(zha)中(zhong)結(jie)附高分子材料，俗稱陶瓷板(ban)(ban)柵(zha)，亦可視(shi)作(zuo)膠(jiao)體電(dian)池的(de)應(ying)用特(te)(te)色。近期已(yi)有(you)實驗室在極板(ban)(ban)配方中(zhong)添加一種靶向偶聯(lian)劑(ji)，大大提(ti)高了極板(ban)(ban)活性(xing)物質(zhi)的(de)反(fan)應(ying)利用率，據(ju)非(fei)公開(kai)資料表明可達到70wh/kg的(de)重量(liang)比能量(liang)水平。特(te)(te)點：

　　1：膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)(ti)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)內部主要是(shi)SiO2多孔網狀結構，存(cun)在大量微(wei)小(xiao)縫隙，能使電(dian)池(chi)(chi)正(zheng)極(ji)產生的(de)(de)氧順利的(de)(de)遷移到負極(ji)極(ji)板上，便于負極(ji)吸收化合;2：膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)(ti)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)所帶(dai)酸(suan)量較大，所以(yi)其容量與AGM蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)基(ji)本一致;3：膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)(ti)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)內阻較大，一般不(bu)具備較好的(de)(de)大電(dian)流放電(dian)特性;4：熱(re)(re)量易(yi)擴(kuo)散，不(bu)易(yi)升溫，熱(re)(re)失控幾率很小(xiao);

　　本成(cheng)分(fen)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)硫酸、水和(he)二氧化(hua)硅形成(cheng)的凝(ning)膠(jiao).所以,其產生電化(hua)學(xue)作用的還(huan)是(shi)(shi)水、硫酸.其反應過程(cheng)沒有多大的區別,但是(shi)(shi),在結(jie)構上的變化(hua),可以帶來(lai)很多優(you)點.具體還(huan)是(shi)(shi)請馬賽克網友多介紹一些.

　　中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)池(chi),現在還都是采用AGM隔板的(de)(de)(de).早期,我(wo)寫東西也不得不把(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)池(chi)打上引(yin)號,以(yi)示與德國膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)池(chi)以(yi)區別.后(hou)來(lai)寫多了,也忽(hu)略了.中(zhong)(zhong)國除了叫做膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)池(chi)以(yi)外(wai),還有很多五花八門的(de)(de)(de)稱呼方(fang)法(fa).如(ru):&ldquo;鉛晶電(dian)池(chi)”、“固體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)池(chi)”、“硅能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)”、“矽能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)&rdquo;......

　　馬賽克網友說的(de)國內的(de)膠體電(dian)池,在灌膠的(de)時候,灌了(le)一半的(de)也有,他們(men)自稱為(wei)“半膠體電(dian)池”,下部還有普通的(de)電(dian)解液,上部是膠體.

　　膠體電池(chi)的優點就在于循環壽命好、耐過(guo)放(fang)電、可以長期不(bu)充足電又進行放(fang)電(AGM電池(chi)這樣使用很容易(yi)發生硫化(hua)失效)、高低溫性能也(ye)比AGM好些(xie).

　　說白了就是耐濫用一些.

　　我說(shuo)的(de)(de)這種(zhong)平(ping)版涂膏極(ji)板(ban)的(de)(de)膠(jiao)體電池國內制造商(shang)很少,除了我們海志,雙登的(de)(de)產(chan)量也(ye)不小,其他就沒什么大廠了.

　　這類膠體電池成(cheng)本明顯要比普通(tong)電池高,一般都是(shi)行業用(yong)戶(hu)才用(yong)的(de)起(qi).

　　膠體鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是對液態電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質的普通鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的改(gai)進，用膠體電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液代換(huan)了硫酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，在安全性、蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能和使用壽命等(deng)方面較(jiao)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有所改(gai)善。

　　膠(jiao)體鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)采用凝膠(jiao)狀電(dian)(dian)解質，內部無游離(li)液體存在，在同(tong)等(deng)體積下電(dian)(dian)解質容(rong)量(liang)大(da)，熱(re)(re)容(rong)量(liang)大(da)，熱(re)(re)消散(san)能力(li)強，能避免(mian)一般蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)易產生熱(re)(re)失控(kong)現(xian)象(xiang);電(dian)(dian)解質濃(nong)度低，對極板的腐(fu)蝕作用弱;濃(nong)度均勻，不存在電(dian)(dian)解液分層現(xian)象(xiang)。

　　膠(jiao)體鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)優于閥控密封鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，膠(jiao)體鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池具有(you)使用(yong)性能(neng)(neng)穩定，可靠(kao)性高(gao)，使用(yong)壽命長，對環境溫度的(de)(de)適應能(neng)(neng)力(li)(高(gao)、低溫)強，承(cheng)受長時間放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力(li)、循(xun)環放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力(li)、深度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力(li)強，有(you)過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)自(zi)我保護等優點。

　　用于電(dian)動(dong)自行車的(de)國產膠(jiao)(jiao)體鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池是在(zai)AGM隔板(ban)(ban)中通過真空灌(guan)注，把硅膠(jiao)(jiao)和硫(liu)酸(suan)溶液(ye)灌(guan)到(dao)蓄電(dian)池正(zheng)、負極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)之間。膠(jiao)(jiao)體鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池在(zai)使用初期無(wu)法進(jin)行氧(yang)循環，這是因為膠(jiao)(jiao)體把正(zheng)、負極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)都(dou)包圍起來了，正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)上面(mian)產生的(de)氧(yang)氣無(wu)法擴散(san)到(dao)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)，無(wu)法實現與負極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)上的(de)活性物質鉛(qian)還(huan)原，只能由排(pai)氣閥排(pai)出，與富液(ye)式蓄電(dian)池一致(zhi)。

　　膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)使(shi)用(yong)一段時間后(hou)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)開始干裂(lie)和收縮，產生裂(lie)縫，氧氣通過裂(lie)縫直接(jie)到(dao)負極板進行(xing)(xing)氧循環。排氣閥(fa)就不再經常開啟(qi)，膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)接(jie)近于(yu)密封工作(zuo)，失(shi)水很少。所以(yi)針對電(dian)動自行(xing)(xing)車蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)主(zhu)要失(shi)效是(shi)失(shi)水機理，采(cai)用(yong)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)可獲得非常好的效果(guo)。膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)是(shi)通過在電(dian)解(jie)液中加(jia)(jia)入凝(ning)膠(jiao)劑(ji)將硫酸(suan)電(dian)解(jie)液凝(ning)固成膠(jiao)狀物質(zhi)，通常膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)解(jie)液中還加(jia)(jia)有(you)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)穩定(ding)劑(ji)和增容劑(ji)，有(you)些(xie)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)配(pei)方(fang)中還加(jia)(jia)有(you)延緩膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)凝(ning)固和延緩劑(ji)，以(yi)便于(yu)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)加(jia)(jia)注。